Staying Warm: Heating Costs and Support Schemes

Living in a cold home is associated with increased cardiovascular and respiratory illness, and the risk rises with age. It is a health matter as much as a financial one.
Temperature guidance
Health bodies commonly recommend maintaining living areas at around eighteen degrees or above, with bedrooms similar for people who are older or unwell.
Heating one room well is better than heating the whole house inadequately where budget is constrained, though bedroom temperature matters overnight.
Draught exclusion and adequate bedding and clothing meaningfully reduce the temperature at which a room feels comfortable.
The measures that reduce cost most
Loft insulation is the cheapest substantial improvement in most homes, and many houses have less than current recommendations.
Draught proofing around doors, windows, letterboxes and floorboards is inexpensive and effective.
Cavity wall insulation where the construction allows it and it has not been done.
Heating controls: a room thermostat and thermostatic radiator valves allow heating only the spaces in use, and reducing boiler flow temperature improves efficiency without reducing comfort.
Hot water cylinder insulation, which is trivial to improve and frequently inadequate on older cylinders.
Support schemes
Most countries operate schemes providing payments, discounts or free insulation to older households, those on low incomes, or those with medical conditions affected by cold.
Some are paid automatically to people receiving particular benefits; others require application. The ones requiring application are frequently underclaimed.
Energy suppliers commonly maintain a priority services register for older and vulnerable customers, providing advance notice of interruptions, priority reconnection and accessible communication. Registration is free and takes minutes.
Grant schemes for insulation and heating system replacement exist in many areas, with eligibility based on income, benefits or property characteristics.
Managing a supply account
Check whether the tariff is competitive, since default tariffs are frequently more expensive than available alternatives.
For prepayment meters, ask about emergency credit arrangements and whether a change to a credit meter is possible, since prepayment historically carried a cost premium.
Suppliers have obligations toward customers in difficulty, including payment plans and in some cases hardship funds. Contacting them early produces better outcomes than accumulating arrears.
Practical points
A benefits check is worth doing regardless of assumptions about eligibility, since entitlement to certain benefits unlocks access to several heating support schemes simultaneously.
Local advice organisations frequently provide free home energy assessments and help with applications.
This article is general information. Scheme names, eligibility and amounts vary considerably by country and change; check current local guidance.
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